Madagascar: Population, Economy & Travel Facts

Essential data for planning your trip to Madagascar — from population and demographics to economic indicators, healthcare infrastructure, tourism trends, and digital connectivity.

Population & Geography

Population
26,262,368
#51 of 197 countries
Area
587,041 km²
#48 of 248 countries
Density
44.7 / km²
#172 of 245 countries

Madagascar has a population of 26,262,368 spread across 587,041 km², giving it an average density of 44.7 people per km².

Demographics

Median Age
20.5
Life Expectancy
68.8 yrs
Literacy Rate
74.7%
Government
semi-presidential republic
Religions
GDP by Sector

Population Trends

How a country's age structure is shifting tells you a lot about what to expect on the ground. A growing elderly population often means better healthcare and higher costs, while a young population signals energy and growth but potentially less developed infrastructure.

Age Structure Over Time
Population Growth Rate (%)
Urban vs Rural (%)
Birth & Death Rates (per 1,000)

Economy & Cost of Living

Understanding the local economy helps travellers budget effectively and set expectations. Madagascar is classified as a low income country by the World Bank. Prices are roughly 28% of US levels, meaning your money goes significantly further here — accommodation, food, and transport are very affordable by Western standards.

Income Level
Low income
GDP per Capita
$509
Cost of Living
28% of US
Inflation
9.9%
GDP per Capita (USD)
GDP Growth (%)
Inflation Rate (%)
Employment
GDP/Capita (PPP)
$1,700
Unemployment
3.1%

Tourism

Tourism data reveals how popular a destination is and how much infrastructure exists to support visitors. Tourism accounts for 7.8% of Madagascar's total exports, making it a significant contributor to the economy with solid visitor infrastructure.

Tourism Revenue
$202,000,000
Tourism % of Exports
7.8%
Air Passengers
313,313
International Tourist Arrivals
Tourism Receipts (USD)
Air Passengers Carried
Tourism as % of Exports

Health & Safety Infrastructure

Healthcare quality matters when you're far from home. These indicators help gauge what level of medical care is available — Madagascar has 0.17 physicians per 1,000 people, which is well below the global average of 1.7. Travel insurance with medical evacuation coverage is strongly recommended.

Physicians
0.17/1k
Hospital Beds
0.32/1k
Health Spend
$17/person
Infant Mortality
44.2/1k
Immunization
46%
Safe Drinking Water
55.3%
Bottled water recommended
Basic Sanitation
15.4%
Health Expenditure per Capita (USD)
Hospital Beds per 1,000

Connectivity & Digital Infrastructure

Staying connected while travelling is essential for navigation, communication, and remote work. In Madagascar, 20% of the population uses the internet — connectivity can be limited outside major cities, so download offline maps and content before heading to rural areas. There are 75 mobile subscriptions per 100 people.

Internet Users
20.4%
Mobile Subs
75/100
Broadband
0.1/100
Electricity Access
39.4%
Internet Users (%)
Urbanization (%)

Source: World Bank Open Data