Galápagos Islands

The Galápagos Islands are a volcanic archipelago in the eastern Pacific Ocean about 1,000 kilometres west of continental Ecuador, renowned for exceptionally high levels of endemism. The islands are protected as a national park and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Wildlife viewing is the primary attraction: giant tortoises, marine iguanas, blue-footed boobies, flightless cormorants and other endemic species occur across different islands, often with minimal fear of humans. Visitor access is regulated by the Galápagos National Park and most visitors use guided day tours or small-ship cruises to visit multiple islands.

Major inhabited islands serve as logistics hubs - Santa Cruz (Puerto Ayora) hosts the Charles Darwin Research Station, while Isabela and San Cristóbal have distinct visitor sites and habitats. Snorkelling, guided walks and close-up wildlife encounters under strict park rules are standard activities.

The islands formed through volcanic activity and were visited by sailors in the 16th and 17th centuries; Charles Darwin’s 1835 visit contributed to the development of his ideas on evolution. The Galápagos National Park was established in the 20th century and conservation efforts continue to manage tourism and invasive species.

The archipelago lies in the Pacific Ocean roughly 1,000 kilometres west of mainland Ecuador, comprised of 19 main islands and numerous smaller islets and rocks.

• Biosecurity and rules: Strict biosecurity controls and visitor regulations are enforced to protect endemic species; follow park rules on footwear, food and stowage.
• Getting between islands: Most visitor travel is by small-ship cruise or regulated inter-island flights; allow time to move between islands and to respect landing schedules.

What to See #

• Santa Cruz (Puerto Ayora): Santa Cruz Island, home to Puerto Ayora and the Charles Darwin Research Station where giant tortoise conservation is centred.
• Isabela Island: Isabela Island, the archipelago's largest island with active volcanism, abundant wildlife and long coastal habitats.
• San Cristóbal Island: San Cristóbal Island, site of the provincial capital Puerto Baquerizo Moreno and many visitor landing sites and breeding colonies.
• Fernandina and uninhabited islands: Fernandina and other uninhabited islands that host particularly undisturbed wildlife populations and active volcanic terrain.