Lake Victoria

Lake Victoria is Africa’s largest lake by surface area and one of the world’s largest freshwater lakes, lying at the meeting point of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. It is a critical hydrological and ecological resource for the East African region.

The lake supports extensive fisheries, transport routes and numerous lakeside towns and islands; fishing and boat transport are major livelihoods for communities along its shores. The lake’s size and shallow profile influence regional climate and seasonal fishing patterns.

Formed by tectonic and drainage processes in the East African plateau, Lake Victoria has long been central to settlement, transport and trade in the region and remains a focus for fisheries management and transboundary water governance.

The lake’s southern shoreline lies in Tanzania, with major Tanzanian port cities and towns such as Mwanza and Bukoba located on or near the lakefront.

• Size and international borders: Covers roughly 68,800 square kilometres and is shared by three countries, making it the largest lake in Africa by surface area.
• Hydrological significance: Serves as the principal headwater reservoir for the Nile Basin, with the Victoria Nile flowing out from the lake's northern region.

What to See #

• Ukerewe Island: The largest island in the lake and in Tanzania, serving as a local administrative and transport hub with ferry links to the mainland.