Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Bijagós Archipelago – Omatí Minhô Nature Reserve

The Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Bijagós Archipelago are a UNESCO‑recognised cluster of islands off the coast of Guinea‑Bissau, noted for extensive mangroves, tidal flats and seagrass beds. The archipelago supports important marine and coastal biodiversity alongside distinctive local cultures.

Boat trips and guided island visits provide access to sandy beaches, mangrove channels and intertidal habitats where visitors can observe waterbirds, estuarine life and seasonal marine fauna. Cultural visits highlight the traditional Bijagó communities whose livelihoods and ritual life are closely linked to the islands and coastal resources.

The islands have long been inhabited by the Bijagó people, who maintain distinctive cultural practices and seasonal movements tied to fishing and shellfish gathering. International recognition reflects the combined ecological value of the coastal systems and the cultural landscapes shaped by local communities.

The archipelago lies off the Atlantic coast of Guinea‑Bissau in the Bolama region, west of the mainland and scattered across the coastal shelf. Access is by boat from regional ports and nearby mainland villages.

• Islands count: Comprises a large, interlinked system of islands and islets numbering around 88, with extensive mangroves, seagrass beds and tidal flats.
• Coastal wildlife: Important nesting and feeding habitat for marine turtles and a diversity of waterbirds and coastal fauna.

Access is by boat from the mainland port of Bissau or by regional air services to some islands’ airstrips; local operators run scheduled and chartered services-arrange transport in advance.

• Use local boat operators to visit islands-schedule and routes vary and local captains know safe channels.
• Respect fishing seasons and local community rules-Bijagós islands are inhabited with traditional practices.
• Support local eco-initiatives and community-run lodges where possible; conservation funding is often limited.