Mahakam River

The Mahakam River is a major river in East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo, flowing roughly eastward to the Makassar Strait and serving as a regional transport corridor and ecological corridor. It is one of the island’s principal rivers and supports towns, villages and river-based livelihoods along its course.

The river is navigable for long stretches and is used for passenger and cargo boats, connecting inland communities with coastal towns such as Samarinda in the lower basin. Along its lower reaches the river forms a delta and supports mangrove-lined shores, fisheries and riverbank settlements.

Historically and today the Mahakam basin is home to diverse ethnic communities and has been central to regional trade, transport and resource use. The river corridor supports fisheries, small-scale agriculture in the floodplain and growing commercial activities tied to regional markets.

Geographically the Mahakam rises in the central highlands of Borneo and flows east across East Kalimantan to the Makassar Strait; Samarinda is the main city on its lower reaches and functions as the principal access point for river-based travel.

• Length and role: The Mahakam is one of Borneo's longest rivers, with a total length of roughly 980 kilometres and significant regional economic and transport importance.
• Best way to visit: River cruises from Samarinda provide one of the most practical ways to experience riverine communities, mangrove habitats and delta landscapes along the Mahakam.

What to See #

• Upper and middle reaches: Upper and middle reaches, where the river flows through forested and hilly inland Borneo and is used for local river transport and access to inland communities.
• Lower basin and delta: Samarinda and the lower basin, where the river widens and reaches the Mahakam Delta before discharging into the Makassar Strait near East Kalimantan's coast.