National Elk Refuge

The National Elk Refuge is a wildlife refuge in the Jackson Hole valley of Wyoming created to conserve winter habitat for elk. It was established in the early 20th century to protect migrating elk populations.

Large wintering elk herds gather on the refuge in colder months, often visible from roads and viewing areas around the edge of the refuge. Seasonal guided sleigh rides provide close-up viewing of concentrated elk herds and are a common way for the public to observe the animals in winter.

The refuge was created following growing concern over elk starvation and habitat loss in the Jackson Hole area and has since functioned as a managed winter range with habitat protection and supplemental feeding in severe winters. Management has also addressed interactions between wildlife and nearby communities.

Located immediately north of the town of Jackson in northwestern Wyoming, the refuge sits on the valley floor between the town and the Teton Range, adjacent to Grand Teton National Park.

• Established purpose: Established in 1912 to protect wintering habitat for elk and managed to support large winter elk herds through seasonal habitat management and supplemental feeding.
• Best time to visit: Winter is the best time for wildlife viewing; commercial sleigh rides across the refuge operate in colder months to view elk concentrations close to Jackson, Wyoming.