Jallianwala Bagh

Jallianwala Bagh is a public garden in the walled city of Amritsar, Punjab, India, and the site of the 1919 mass shooting that significantly influenced the Indian independence movement. The ground is preserved as a national memorial and is adjacent to the Golden Temple complex.

Within the garden visitors see the memorial structure, a flame of remembrance and stretches of the original boundary walls that retain bullet marks from the 1919 firing. The site includes the Martyrs’ Well, where people reportedly sought refuge during the massacre, and plaques commemorating the victims.

Historically, British Indian Army troops opened fire on an unarmed gathering on 13 April 1919 under orders from Brigadier General Reginald Dyer; the killings and injuries at Jallianwala Bagh galvanised national and international condemnation. After Indian independence a permanent memorial was established to commemorate the victims and preserve the site for public remembrance.

The garden sits in Amritsar’s old city immediately north of the Golden Temple complex, within short walking distance of the Harmandir Sahib precinct and the city centre.

• 1919 massacre: Site of the massacre on 13 April 1919 when troops under Brigadier General Reginald Dyer fired on a peaceful crowd, an event central to India's independence movement.
• Memorial features: Contains a memorial complex with preserved bullet-scarred walls and the Martyrs' Well, which visitors commonly view as part of the commemorative site.