As the European Union continues its expansion, the eastern countries of Europe are slowly being integrated. The Cold War is over, and the entire region is shifting direction and countries are now looking to determine their own destinies. This means some adventurous and untouristy travel destinations for those willing to take a chance on their comfort and safety levels.
Explore: Armenia • Azerbaijan • Belarus • Bulgaria • Czech Republic • Georgia • Hungary • Moldova • Poland • Romania • Russia • Slovakia • Ukraine
There’s a wide range of culture, religion and corruption among the countries of Eastern Europe. New EU members Romania and Bulgaria have shed their mafia images to join the club, though they remain slightly risky. Transylvania, the land of Dracula, lies among the sublime mountains of Romania, and Belgrade is one of the rising stars of the post-Soviet era capitals.
Indeed, the shadow of the Soviet Union hangs over most of Eastern Europe. Ukraine and Georgia broke ranks to the public dismay of Russia, but they are now gaining notice as interesting cultural destinations. Kiev is regarded as the new face of Eastern European chic, and Georgia produces some of the best wine outside of France.
Smaller countries like Moldova remain a bit of a mystery for most travelers. They are still in the process of creating themselves, but if you’re looking for somewhere completely off the beaten track, these rugged backwater countries are easily accessible from mainstream Europe. Soviet influences can be seen in Belarus, as in the rest of these nations, but the level of corruption varies widely.
Many of these ex-Soviet republics are run by crooked dictators posing as presidents, and have a lawlessness that can prove dangerous to travelers. Armenia and Azerbaijan feel more Asian than European, but are fascinating cultural spots that have histories stretching back millennia. Here the climate can be severe in the mountains but mild along the Black Sea, where new spas and resorts continue to spring up.
The Baltic States are one of the fastest developing regions of Eastern Europe. The Dalmatian Coast of Croatia is on course to become a hot spot and if it continues to expand its infrastructure, the Baltics may end up becoming a major travel destination to rival neighbors like Hungary and Turkey.
Where to Go
Highlights
Destinations
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Armenia: Armenia, located in the South Caucasus region, is known for its mountainous landscapes and ancient history. Travelers can explore Yerevan, the capital city, with its Soviet-era architecture and lively cultural scene. Major sights include the ancient temple of Garni, the Geghard Monastery, and the scenic Lake Sevan, perfect for outdoor activities and relaxation.
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Azerbaijan: Azerbaijan, situated at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, offers a mix of modern and ancient attractions. The capital city, Baku, features the Flame Towers, the medieval Old City, and the futuristic Heydar Aliyev Center. Visitors can also explore the Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape and the picturesque Caspian Sea coastline.
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Belarus: Belarus, a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, is characterized by its vast forests, lakes, and historical landmarks. Minsk, the capital, boasts impressive Soviet-era architecture, cultural institutions, and sprawling parks. Key attractions include the historic Mir Castle, the Brest Fortress, and the picturesque town of Nesvizh with its grand palace.
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Bulgaria: Bulgaria, located in Southeastern Europe, is known for its diverse landscapes, from the Black Sea coastline to the Balkan Mountains. Sofia, the capital, offers a mix of ancient history and modern attractions, including the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral and Vitosha Mountain. Travelers can also explore the historic town of Plovdiv, the Rila Monastery, and the beautiful beaches of the Black Sea.
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Czech Republic: The Czech Republic, in Central Europe, is famous for its medieval architecture, charming towns, and historical culture. Prague, the capital, is renowned for its stunning Old Town, Prague Castle, and Charles Bridge. Visitors can also enjoy the spa town of Karlovy Vary, the historic city of Český Krumlov, and the scenic beauty of the Bohemian and Moravian landscapes.
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Georgia: Georgia, nestled in the Caucasus region, offers a rich blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Tbilisi, the capital, is known for its diverse architecture, sulfur baths, and nightlife. Key attractions include the ancient cave city of Uplistsikhe, the wine region of Kakheti, and the stunning landscapes of the Svaneti region.
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Hungary: Hungary, located in Central Europe, is famous for its historic cities, thermal baths, and cultural heritage. Budapest, the capital, is known for its grand architecture, the Danube River, and the iconic Parliament Building. Visitors can also explore the charming town of Eger, the scenic Lake Balaton, and the historic castles and vineyards of the Tokaj wine region.
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Moldova: Moldova, a small country in Eastern Europe, is known for its picturesque countryside, vineyards, and historic monasteries. Chisinau, the capital, features Soviet-era architecture and nice parks. Key attractions include the ancient Orheiul Vechi monastery complex, the Milestii Mici wine cellars, and the scenic Dniester River.
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Poland: Poland, in Central Europe, offers a rich history, vibrant cities, and beautiful landscapes. Warsaw, the capital, showcases a mix of modern and historic architecture, including the Royal Castle and the Warsaw Uprising Museum. Kraków is famous for its medieval Old Town, Wawel Castle, and nearby Auschwitz-Birkenau. Other highlights include the Tatra Mountains and the historic city of Gdańsk.
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Romania: Romania, located in Southeastern Europe, is known for its diverse landscapes, medieval castles, and folklore. Bucharest, the capital, features grand architecture and good nightlife, with highlights like the Palace of the Parliament and the Old Town. Visitors can explore the Transylvanian region, home to Bran Castle, the medieval town of Sighisoara, and the scenic Carpathian Mountains.
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Russia: Russia, the largest country in the world, spans Eastern Europe and northern Asia, offering a vast array of experiences. Moscow, the capital, is famous for the Kremlin, Red Square, and Saint Basil’s Cathedral. Saint Petersburg boasts the Hermitage Museum, the Winter Palace, and beautiful canals. Travelers can also explore the Trans-Siberian Railway, the historic cities of the Golden Ring, and the natural wonders of Lake Baikal.
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Slovakia: Slovakia, in Central Europe, is known for its dramatic landscapes, medieval castles, and charming towns. Bratislava, the capital, features a historic Old Town, the Bratislava Castle, and the UFO Bridge. Visitors can explore the Tatra Mountains, the ancient Spis Castle, and the picturesque town of Banská Štiavnica.
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Ukraine: Ukraine, located in Eastern Europe, offers a rich cultural heritage, historical landmarks, and diverse landscapes. Kyiv, the capital, is known for its golden-domed churches, including Saint Sophia’s Cathedral and the Kyiv Pechersk Lavra. Key attractions include the historic city of Lviv, the coastal city of Odessa, and the scenic Carpathian Mountains.