Chehel Sotoun

Chehel Sotoun is a pavilion and palace complex in Isfahan, Iran, set within a Persian garden and built during the Safavid period in the 17th century. The building served as a reception hall and royal pavilion used for ceremonies and official entertainments.

The pavilion is noted for its long reflecting pool, a columned portico, and richly decorated interior frescoes and tilework illustrating court scenes and historical events. The name means “Forty Columns” and references the visual doubling of the building’s columns in the pool’s reflection.

Constructed under the Safavid dynasty, the pavilion and garden formed part of Isfahan’s royal precinct and have been preserved as an example of Persian garden and palace architecture. Decorative programs inside the hall depict royal ceremonies, battles and court life from the Safavid era.

Chehel Sotoun stands within central Isfahan, on an axis near other historic royal sites, and is part of the ensemble of monuments that reflect Isfahan’s status as a Safavid capital.

• Date and style: Built in the 17th century as a Safavid garden pavilion and reception hall for Isfahan's rulers
• Name origin: Named "Forty Columns" because the pavilion's twenty wooden columns are reflected in the long pool, producing the impression of forty columns