Carlsbad Caverns National Park

Carlsbad Caverns National Park in southeastern New Mexico protects more than 100 limestone caves and extensive underground chambers formed in Permian-age rock. It was established as a national park in 1930 to preserve its exceptional cave resources.

The caverns were known to local peoples and were explored by Anglo-American settlers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; Jim White was a prominent early promoter of the caves. The National Park Service developed visitor facilities and protections after the site’s designation in the early 20th century.

The park sits in the Guadalupe Mountains region of southeastern New Mexico, southwest of Carlsbad, with a visitor center and developed access near the park headquarters.

• Cave system and bats: The park protects hundreds of caves formed in a Permian limestone and is noted for its large roost of Mexican free-tailed bats whose nightly emergence is a seasonal highlight.
• Early explorer: Early exploration and promotion of the caverns are associated with Jim White, an early 20th-century cave guide who helped open the caves to the public.

What to See #

• Big Room: The Big Room, a vast limestone chamber accessible from the visitor center and elevator, is one of the largest cave rooms in North America and is the centerpiece of guided and self-guided cave tours.
• Natural Entrance and bat viewing: The Natural Entrance Trail drops steeply into the cave through the original, scenic entrance used by early explorers, and is also the route used to observe the evening bat flights in season.
• Show caves: Show caves such as the King's Palace are developed for guided tours with marked trails and lighting that highlight stalactites, stalagmites and flowstone formations.