Assateague Island

Assateague Island is a long barrier island off the coasts of Maryland and Virginia on the U.S. Mid-Atlantic seaboard, known for its beaches, dunes, salt marshes, and populations of wild horses. The island is managed in a mix of federal and state jurisdictions and is a popular site for beach recreation and nature observation.

Beaches, walking trails, birdwatching and wildlife viewing are the principal attractions, with camping available in designated campgrounds and seasonal visitor facilities. The island’s shoreline and tidal marshes support migratory birds and coastal ecosystems, and many visitors come specifically to see the feral horses that roam the dunes and marsh edges.

Geologically the island is a classic Atlantic barrier island formed by longshore sediment transport and wave action and is shaped by shifting dunes and tidal channels. Management focuses on balancing public access with coastal conservation and erosion control.

Assateague Island lies off the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Virginia, immediately east of Ocean City, Maryland, and adjacent to Chincoteague Island, Virginia; it is accessible by causeway and park roads from the mainland.

• Wild horses: Wild horses - feral horses commonly known as Assateague or Chincoteague ponies inhabit the island; they are protected and must be observed from a safe distance.
• Visitor rules: Camping and vehicle rules - camping is available in designated campgrounds and beach driving or vehicle access is restricted and regulated; reservations are strongly recommended in high season.

What to See #

• National Seashore: Assateague Island National Seashore - the federally protected portion covering beaches, dunes, and marshes, managed by the U.S. National Park Service since 1965.
• State park areas: Maryland state park and managed areas - the state-run portion offers campgrounds and day-use beaches and sits on the northern part of the island under state jurisdiction.