Ninth Fort

The Ninth Fort is part of the Kaunas Fortress complex on the northern edge of Kaunas in Kaunas County, Lithuania, and functions today as a museum and memorial. It is known for its role in twentieth-century conflicts and for commemorating victims of mass executions.

On-site exhibits cover the fort’s use as a prison and execution site and display documents, photographs and objects related to Nazi and Soviet-era repression; the museum interprets the broader history of the fortress and its victims. The outdoor area includes a large memorial sculpture, monuments and the sites of mass graves that are focal points for remembrance.

Constructed as part of the Kaunas Fortress system by the Russian Empire in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Ninth Fort served as a military strongpoint and later as a prison. During World War II, under Nazi occupation, it was used as a site of mass executions; after the war the complex was converted into a museum and memorial documenting those events.

The Ninth Fort sits on the outskirts of Kaunas, within Kaunas County, immediately adjacent to the city and accessible by road from Kaunas city centre.

• Commemoration: The site commemorates mass executions and wartime atrocities carried out at the fort during the Nazi occupation of Lithuania in 1941 and the wider period of twentieth-century political violence.

What to See #

• Fort structure: The fort complex itself - nineteenth- to early twentieth-century Russian Imperial fortifications forming the structural core of the site, with defensive walls and barracks remains.
• Museum: The Ninth Fort Museum, which displays exhibits on the fort's use as a prison and execution site and on 20th-century repressions in the region.
• Memorial site: Outdoor memorial and mass grave area, dominated by a large commemorative sculpture and plaques dedicated to victims of Nazi and Soviet-era violence.