Lower Mainland

The Lower Mainland is the name commonly used for the densely populated region of southwestern British Columbia centred on the lower Fraser River and metropolitan Vancouver. It is British Columbia’s primary urban and economic area and includes a mix of urban, suburban and agricultural land.

The region contains major municipalities, port facilities, parks and waterfront areas, with a varied coastline on the Salish Sea and access to the Coast Mountains. Key local activities include trade through Vancouver’s port, tourism and outdoor recreation in nearby parks and mountains.

Development accelerated from the 19th century onward with the growth of Vancouver as a Pacific port; the area now supports a large, diverse population and major transportation infrastructure. Land along the Fraser supports both urban neighbourhoods and important estuarine and agricultural habitats.

Geographically the Lower Mainland lies on the southwestern corner of British Columbia, along the Salish Sea and surrounding the lower Fraser River, immediately north of the international border with the US state of Washington.

• Population centre: The metropolitan area includes the city of Vancouver and surrounding municipalities, forming the core of British Columbia's largest urban region.
• Transport links: Major transport hubs include Vancouver International Airport on Richmond and multiple vehicle and rail crossings of the Fraser River.

What to See #

• Vancouver: The region's primary city and economic centre, home to the central business district, major cultural institutions and the harbour.
• Richmond: Location of the province's main international airport and extensive river and marshland habitat important for birdlife.
• Surrey: A rapidly growing suburban and municipal area east of Vancouver with major residential and industrial districts.
• Fraser River: The tidal river that runs westward across the region and forms the area's estuary and key transport corridor.