Kuril Islands

The Kuril Islands are a volcanic island chain in the northwest Pacific Ocean administered as part of Russia’s Sakhalin Oblast. The chain extends roughly 1,300 kilometers between the Japanese island of Hokkaido and Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula and contains dozens of volcanic islands.

Remote volcanic landscapes dominate the islands, with active volcanoes, hot springs and extensive seabird and marine life. Many islands are sparsely inhabited; where facilities exist they are concentrated in a few settlements and fishing ports, and shorelines are often rugged and inaccessible by road.

The islands were long inhabited by indigenous Ainu people before contact and competing claims by Russia and Japan. Sovereignty shifted through treaties and conflicts in the 19th and early 20th centuries, and Soviet forces occupied the Kurils at the end of World War II; Russia administers them today while Japan maintains claims to the southernmost islands.

The Kuril chain lies along the convergent plate boundary between the Pacific Plate and the Okhotsk microplate, running northeast from Hokkaido toward Kamchatka in the northwest Pacific.

• Access and conditions: Weather can be severe and sea access is limited; many islands are sparsely populated and have few transport links.
• Territorial dispute: Southern islands are subject to an ongoing territorial dispute between Russia and Japan, affecting travel and administration in that area.

What to See #

• Archipelago extent: An island group stretching approximately 1,300 kilometers from Hokkaido in Japan to the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, comprising around 56 main islands and many smaller islets.
• Principal islands: Major islands include Paramushir, Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan and Urup, each with active volcanism and rugged coastlines.