Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park

Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park is a protected marine area off the southeastern coast of India in Tamil Nadu, comprising a chain of 21 small islands and their surrounding coral and seagrass habitats. The park is part of the larger Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve and protects rich coastal marine ecosystems.

The park’s principal attractions are its coral reefs, seagrass beds and associated megafauna, including dugong and several species of sea turtle, along with a variety of reef fishes and invertebrates. Recreational activities are limited and managed to reduce impacts on fragile habitats; the area is also a focus for marine research and conservation work.

The national park was designated in the late 20th century as part of regional conservation efforts and has since been managed to balance traditional fisheries, conservation and scientific study. Conservation measures include regulated entry, monitoring of coral health and species protection programs.

Geographically the park lies off the Tamil Nadu coast between the Rameswaram/Pamban area and the port of Tuticorin (Thoothukudi); boats to park islands and snorkeling sites operate from nearby coastal towns and fishing harbors.

• Island count: Comprises a chain of 21 small islands surrounded by coral reefs and seagrass beds forming part of a larger biosphere reserve.
• Access and restrictions: Access is by licensed boats from coastal towns such as Tuticorin (Thoothukudi) and Mandapam, and many islands have restricted entry to protect wildlife.
• Wildlife highlights: Dugongs, green sea turtles and diverse hard and soft corals are key conservation priorities in the park.

What to See #

• Kurusadai Island: Hosts a small research and monitoring station and is used for coral and marine biology studies, with restricted access to protect sensitive habitats.