Denisova Cave

Denisova Cave is a palaeoanthropological and archaeological site in the Altai Mountains of southern Siberia, Russia, noted for its evidence of archaic hominins and deep Pleistocene deposits.

The site yields long, stratified deposits containing stone tools, faunal remains, and hominin bones and teeth across multiple layers. One element of international importance is recovered ancient DNA from hominin remains that has informed studies of human evolution and interbreeding.

Excavations have been carried out in systematic campaigns since the late 20th century; a distinctive hominin lineage was identified from a finger bone fragment recovered in 2008 and described in scientific publications in 2010. The cave has produced material spanning the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic and later periods, and has been the focus of multidisciplinary research including archaeology, paleontology, and genetics.

The cave sits in the Anui River valley of the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia, within Altai Krai. It occupies a limestone outcrop with karst features in a remote mountain setting.

• Denisovan discovery: A finger bone fragment found in 2008 led to the identification of a previously unknown archaic human group now called Denisovans; the first scientific description was published in 2010.
• Rich Palaeolithic sequence: The cave contains deep, stratified archaeological layers with Pleistocene artifacts and faunal remains spanning tens of thousands of years, making it a key site for ancient DNA recovery.