Carchemish

Carchemish is an archaeological site on the Euphrates River near the modern town of Karkamış in Gaziantep Province, southeastern Turkey. It was an important Late Bronze Age and early Iron Age city, prominent in Hittite and Neo-Hittite eras.

The city contained monumental stone reliefs, fortifications and palatial structures reflecting its role as a regional capital and military stronghold. It was the focus of historical events in the early first millennium BC, including the battle commonly dated to the early 600s BC which reshaped the balance of power in the region.

Archaeological excavations began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and uncovered reliefs, inscriptions and architectural remains; some finds were removed to museums in Europe during early campaigns. Continued study has clarified Carchemish’s long occupation from the Late Bronze Age through the Iron Age.

Geographically the site sits on the eastern bank of the Euphrates, near Turkey’s border with Syria, and is accessible from the Gaziantep region.

• Modern location: Located on the east bank of the Euphrates near the modern Turkish town of Karkamış in Gaziantep Province, close to the Syria border.
• Historical significance: An important Hittite and Neo-Hittite urban centre with monumental reliefs and inscriptions, and the site of the ancient Battle of Carchemish in the early 7th century BC.