Caernarfon Castle

Caernarfon Castle is a late 13th-century royal fortress in the town of Caernarfon in northwest Wales, built as a major stronghold during King Edward I’s conquest of Gwynedd. Construction began in 1283 and the site is recognised for its scale and distinctive polygonal towers.

The castle’s defensive defences include massive curtain walls and multiple large towers that enclose inner and outer wards. Visitors explore battlements, gatehouses and interior rooms; many come for the elevated views over the River Seiont and the Firth of Clyde estuary as well as the adjacent town. The site also contains exhibition space explaining the castle’s construction and role.

Edward I ordered the castle’s construction in the late 13th century as part of his program of fortifications in North Wales; the works were overseen by master masons associated with his campaign. Over subsequent centuries the castle’s military role declined and it has been preserved and interpreted as a historic monument.

The castle sits within the town of Caernarfon on the banks of the River Seiont, close to the Menai Strait and the island of Anglesey in Gwynedd, North Wales. It is immediately adjacent to Caernarfon’s medieval town walls and the town centre.

• Best views: Climbable battlements and towers provide panoramic views over the town of Caernarfon, the River Seiont and across to Anglesey; bring weatherproof clothing as conditions can change quickly.
• UNESCO status: Part of the UNESCO World Heritage listing 'Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd' and commonly visited with the adjacent town walls and museum displays.