Sacsayhuamán

Sacsayhuamán is an Inca-era fortress and ceremonial complex located on a ridge overlooking Cusco in southern Peru, notable for its huge, precisely cut stone walls. Construction dates to the 15th century under Inca rulers and the site formed part of the wider ceremonial and administrative landscape of Cusco.

The complex is characterised by zigzagging terraces and massive cyclopean stone blocks fitted without mortar, some weighing many tonnes. Today it is interpreted as both a defensive work and a ceremonial centre and is one of the most important archaeological sites near Cusco.

Spanish chroniclers recorded the site during the colonial period, and archaeological study and conservation have continued to document its construction techniques and historical functions.

Sacsayhuamán lies on the hills north of central Cusco, roughly 2 kilometres from the city centre and is commonly reached by a short drive or walk from Cusco.

• Proximity to Cusco: The site is approximately 2 kilometres north of central Cusco and is often visited on short excursions from the city; steep paths and uneven stones require good footwear.
• Best viewpoints: The massive, tightly fitted stone walls are the site's signature feature and are best viewed from the terraces and ramparts that run along the complex.