Ortygia

Ortygia is the small island that forms the historic core of Syracuse on Sicily’s Ionian coast, with origins as the original settlement of the city in the 8th century BC. It is densely built and continuously inhabited from antiquity to the present.

The island contains a compact concentration of highlights including a cathedral that incorporates an ancient Greek temple, the mid-1st millennium BC Temple of Apollo, the freshwater spring Fonte Aretusa, the seafront Castello Maniace and the central Piazza del Duomo. Streets are narrow and many buildings display a mix of Greek, medieval, Norman and Baroque fabric.

Greek colonists founded the settlement in the archaic period and the island served as the civic and religious centre of ancient Syracuse. Over centuries temples were reused, medieval palaces were constructed and modern restorations have preserved the layered urban fabric.

Ortygia sits at the mouth of the harbour on the eastern coast of Sicily, directly adjacent to the modern city of Syracuse and linked to the mainland by bridges. The islet faces the Ionian Sea and is walkable from the nearby harbour and ferry points.

• Photo tip: Best light for photos is late afternoon when the facades on the eastern side of the island are sunlit and the narrow streets have less shadow.
• Timing: The islet is compact and walkable; allow at least half a day to see the cathedral, Temple of Apollo, Fonte Aretusa and the waterfront.

What to See #

• Ortygia (islet): Located at the eastern tip of the city, this 1-kilometre-long island is connected to the mainland by three bridges and forms the historic heart of Syracuse.
• Cathedral of Syracuse (Duomo): A Greek temple converted into a Christian cathedral; the present building incorporates ancient Doric stonework together with medieval, Norman and Baroque alterations.
• Temple of Apollo: One of the oldest Doric temples in Sicily, dating to the 6th century BC, located near the island entrance and visible as freestanding ruins.
• Fonte Aretusa: A freshwater spring and small public garden on the waterfront famous for its papyrus plants and mythological associations.
• Castello Maniace: A 13th century fortress on the seaward tip of the islet, built by the Angevin rulers and later modified by Aragonese and Spanish forces.
• Piazza del Duomo: The main square on Ortygia that opens onto the cathedral and is surrounded by palaces, cafés and municipal buildings.