Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches

The Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches is defined by an exceptionally complete medieval wall circuit surrounding the historic centre in Castile and León, Spain; the fortifications date primarily from the 11th to 14th centuries. The ensemble also includes churches located outside the walled perimeter.

The nearly continuous ring of medieval walls, punctuated by towers and gates, dominates the townscape and provides a clear defensive outline around the old streets and religious buildings. The integration of the cathedral into the wall and the presence of several Romanesque and Gothic churches give the centre a strong ecclesiastical character.

Ávila developed as a fortified settlement in the medieval period and the walls were built and expanded between the 11th and 14th centuries to protect the urban community. Churches both inside and outside the walls reflect the town’s religious importance and growth across the Middle Ages.

Ávila sits on a high plateau in central Spain, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, roughly 110 to 120 kilometres northwest of Madrid and surrounded by rolling agricultural land.

• Walls statistics: The city walls extend about 2.5 kilometres and include around 88 semicircular towers and nine gates, forming one of the best-preserved medieval circuits in Spain.
• Best viewpoint: The Mirador de los Cuatro Postes provides a panoramic view over the walls and is a short walk from the city centre, popular at sunrise and sunset.

What to See #

• City walls: A continuous, largely intact medieval circuit of walls with towers and gates that encircles the old town over about 2.5 kilometres of ramparts.
• Ávila Cathedral: The Romanesque-Gothic cathedral integrated into the walls and serving both religious and defensive functions in the medieval town.
• Extra-muros churches: A group of churches located outside the walls that are included in the World Heritage designation, representing medieval extra-muros sacred architecture.