Musée des Plans-Reliefs

The Musée des Plans-Reliefs in Paris displays a historic collection of detailed scale models of fortified towns and strategic landscapes created by French engineers from the 17th to the 19th centuries. The models were used for military planning and for presentation to ministers and monarchs.

Finely crafted 3-dimensional models that reproduce walls, streets, fortifications and surrounding terrain with high precision; many were produced under the direction of military engineers such as those working for Vauban. The collection offers material evidence of changes in fortification design and urban layouts over two centuries.

The models were originally produced for the French military and royal administration and later preserved as a national collection; they illustrate both engineering practice and the strategic importance of the towns they represent. The museum places the models in historical context with explanatory panels and archival material.

The museum is housed within the Hôtel des Invalides complex in Paris’s 7th arrondissement, near the Seine and close to other national military museums and monuments.

• Collection size: The collection comprises roughly one hundred detailed scale models of fortified towns and places made between the 17th and 19th centuries.