Historic Town of Ouro Preto

The Historic Town of Ouro Preto is a colonial-era mining town in Minas Gerais notable for its well-preserved 18th-century baroque architecture and narrow cobbled streets. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site recognized for its urban fabric and artistic heritage from the Brazilian gold rush period.

The compact historic centre contains numerous baroque churches, ornate interiors, sculptural work and museums clustered around Praça Tiradentes, providing a concentrated experience of colonial architecture and religious art. Walking routes take visitors past gilded altars, carved woodwork and stone mansions that reflect the town’s 18th-century wealth.

Founded during the gold-mining boom of the 18th century, Ouro Preto developed rapidly as a regional centre for mining and administration; its churches and civic buildings were funded by gold revenues. Over time mining declined and the town’s preserved architecture became valued as cultural heritage.

Sited in the hilly interior of Minas Gerais, Ouro Preto is roughly an hour-and-a-half to two hours by road from Belo Horizonte, and its historic district occupies a series of steep streets and squares in a mountainous landscape.

• Terrain and mobility: The town is steep and built on a series of hills and valleys with narrow, uneven cobbled streets - much of the historic centre is best explored on foot and can be physically demanding.
• Where to begin: Many of the major churches and museums date to the 18th century and are concentrated around Praça Tiradentes, making the square the logical starting point for visits.

What to See #

• Historic centre (Praça Tiradentes): A compact colonial center organized around Praça Tiradentes with narrow cobbled streets and many preserved baroque churches and palaces from the 18th century.
• Igreja de São Francisco de Assis: The Church of São Francisco de Assis, an important example of Brazilian baroque architecture with sculptural work attributed to Aleijadinho and other period artists.
• Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Pilar: The Church of Nossa Senhora do Pilar, noted for an exceptionally rich gilded interior that reflects the town's 18th-century wealth from gold mining.
• Museum of the Inconfidência: The Museu da Inconfidência, located on Praça Tiradentes, which houses artifacts and exhibits about regional history and the colonial mining era.