Domus Aurea

The Domus Aurea is the vast imperial palace complex built for Emperor Nero in Rome following the Great Fire of Rome in 64 CE, known for its monumental rooms, frescoed surfaces and innovative architectural forms.

Large underground and partially roofed rooms exhibit preserved fresco fragments, stucco decoration and experimental vaulted spaces, including the famous octagonal hall with its central dome-like vault. Visitors explore vaulted chambers and corridors that reveal Roman decorative painting techniques and early imperial architectural planning.

Commissioned by Nero after the urban conflagration of 64 CE, the Domus Aurea occupied a large area of Rome and incorporated gardens, pavilions and water features. After Nero’s death the site was systematically diminished and built over by later emperors; it was rediscovered in the Renaissance, which influenced Western art, and has been the subject of modern archaeological and conservation work.

The complex lies on the Oppian and Esquiline slopes in central Rome, with entrances and excavated areas close to the Colosseum and other imperial-era monuments.

• Date and development: Constructed under Emperor Nero after the Great Fire of Rome (64 CE) and later partially buried and built over by subsequent emperors, leaving large subterranean chambers open to study.
• Visitor access: Access to much of the site is by guided tour only due to conservation measures and the fragile condition of painted surfaces and structures.

What to See #

• Octagonal Room: Octagonal hall notable for its large vaulted space and decorative program, interpreted as the central ceremonial room of Nero's palace complex.
• Peristyle and residential areas: Peristyle and residential wings that once formed part of the extensive palace grounds spread across the Palatine and Esquiline hills.
• Fresco fragments: Wall painting fragments and decorated vaults that preserve examples of Roman fresco technique and decorative motifs from the 1st century CE.